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Thursday, February 7, 2013

What Could Low-Power FM Radio Do Here in Seattle?

Posted by on Thu, Feb 7, 2013 at 1:52 PM

Last week I had the opportunity to chat with Sabrina Roach, who works for Brown Paper Tickets' philanthropic arm (it's called the "Doer Program," and it's fascinating). Roach specializes in public interest media, and she's really excited about the FCC's new low-power FM licenses that will be coming available this fall.

What the hell is low-power FM? It's radio that broadcasts at 100 watts or less—in a city, with buildings and hills and such, that would reach about three miles. (For reference, KEXP broadcasts at about 4,000 watts, KUOW at around 100,000.) The FCC is opening a new licensing window starting sometime in October, and it'll be the first time licenses for these mini-stations will be allowed in urban areas. Seattle would have about eight stations. Licenses are only available for noncommercial organizations, e.g. educational institutions, nonprofits, and emergency services.

Roach says low-power FM (LPFM) is perfect for the "PEG universe"—that's public access, education, and government channels, which could get LPFM stations and be multiplatform deliverers of public interest media. And she says LPFM is also a great fit for arts and culture organizations, and for multilingual broadcasting.

It's free to apply for a license, and if you get it, the license itself is also free. But the cost of building a working radio station could run from $10,000 to $30,000 or more. So she looked into grants and matching funds in Seattle and King County that could be used by organizations to start LPFM stations. She identified an astounding $9 million, from places like 4Culture and Seattle's Office of Arts and Cultural Affairs.

Brown Paper Tickets has committed to "enlisting the resources necessary to fill every possible frequency with a licensed applicant," says spokeswoman Barb Morgen. They're hosting a series of workshops and information sessions through winter and spring, helping potential applicants pull together the necessary resources—lawyers, engineers, business plans, fundraising plans. You can go to Sabrina Roach's "Doer" page here, where she'll be posting information about those programs. They're also having a big kickoff event at SXSW on March 12.

For now, it's an interesting imaginative exercise. How would a neighborhood-centered radio station best be used? Roach pointed out that even with KEXP's relatively small wattage, "they have global reach because of the strength of their programming." There's even stories of LPFM stations being granted full-power radio licenses later. But it's not a simple thing, either. It'll be fun to watch how it all plays out this year as organizations step up to put together their applications.

 

Comments (17) RSS

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17
@8 Be careful, there will be music licensing and royalties to consider even if you take the WFMU route.
Posted by sleystl on February 8, 2013 at 1:57 PM
16
I'm thinking about the populations that would be most interested/best served by this... I wonder if Real Change would be into starting a station?
Posted by duffellduffell on February 8, 2013 at 4:05 AM
15
@7... and other comments

The FCC stipulates that the organization's campus must be located within ten miles of the transmitting antenna. Additionally, 75% of its governing board must reside within ten miles of the transmitting antenna. The LPFM program started back in the late 90's but the FCC hasn't had a licensing window since 2000.

They can't run "ads" but they can run underwriters which is a little different in that they are informative radio spots aired in exchange for a donation, but they are not necessary for a station's operation. "This programming is brought to you in part by..."

In fact, the only real content requirements are that a station must air their station I.D. on the hour, provide a minimum amount of public affairs/news programming that is relevant to their area's demographics (and be able to show how and why the programming is relevant), and be on the air for a minimum amount of time each week (they don't have to broadcast all day).

Once a LPFM station is set up its operating costs are extremely low compared to regular stations. Rent and electricity bills are the highest expenses followed by music licensing, which about $1050 a year for LPFM stations (if they also have a webstream).

Starting a station obviously isn't as simple as plugging a board into a transmitter and then into an antenna. The engineering involved is pretty tricky and can cost a lot of money just to get the proposal that the FCC will either accept or reject. The transmitter needs to be able to put out at least 150 Watts (to broadcast at 100 Watts) as power is lost in the connection to the antenna, and a transmitter, antenna, and coaxial transmitting line will run around $3000 on the cheap side.

Then there's all the monitoring equipment like the Emergency Alert System that runs between $2,500-$4000 in the cheaper range, and modulation monitors (to ensure the licensed power levels are being adhered to) that run around $3,000. Then there's all the studio equipment which you house... well it depends. If the engineer determines that the studio and transmitting site can't be in the organization's campus then they're screwed having to set-up remote links or STL's and paying additional rent on separate buildings.

So... obviously, $9,000,000 in grants is really awesome news.
More...
Posted by Celebrandy on February 7, 2013 at 11:28 PM
14
Bailo, Freedompop is ripping people off. I was sort of excited about their subsidies until I learned of it. Dig around and you'll find the details.
Posted by Phil M http://twitter.com/pmocek on February 7, 2013 at 10:27 PM
litlnemo 13
Good luck. These things tend to get snapped up by religious organizations.
Posted by litlnemo http://slumberland.org/ on February 7, 2013 at 9:31 PM
Mahtli69 12
Great idea. 20-100 years too late. They might as well hand out free printing presses too.
Posted by Mahtli69 on February 7, 2013 at 8:58 PM
Supreme Ruler Of The Universe 11
Ok if you really want to get down to it, why actually stream bytes over a channel.

For example, my music service, Rhapsody has a "radio" section. It is basically a playlist their music coordinators put together. Also users can create playlists.

So in theory all you have to do is post a play list and have users go and select the music and listen to it...like a computer program for your brain.
Posted by Supreme Ruler Of The Universe http://www.you-read-it-here-first.com on February 7, 2013 at 7:06 PM
lowlytootle 10
We are going to try make Hollow Earth Radio terrestrial, for reals!

Also, LPFM is great because not everyone has constant or any access to the internet and the radio is a lot more accessible for the general population. LPFM empowers community members to create radio, thus creating more opportunities for different perspectives not usually heard on the radio waves. LPFM often broadcasts information that is pertinent to the surrounding community.
Posted by lowlytootle http://hollowearthradio.org/programs/134 on February 7, 2013 at 5:23 PM
9
So awesome. Where did these come from/why has the FCC been holding onto them? I have dreamed of this for years...some real community radio in Seattle. Not 24hrs of folk, not car talk, not the grateful dead station. Lots of possibilities here!

KFAI in Minneapolis started in a church at 10 watts and is stronger than ever 30 years later (now 125 watts, plus a translator in St. Paul) bringing in $100K twice a year to support a modest staff and studios, plus tons of volunteers. We always said we may be volunteers, but we were also professionals. People took it seriously! Three alarms to wake up for a morning shift, drive through freezing rain to get to studio on time. Fun times! I won't forget when the mayor called to ask about a song we'd played...
Posted by abomb on February 7, 2013 at 4:05 PM
watchout5 8
@1 is a fucking moron. LPFM is what my new hobby will be, free electronic music forever, now that I have more time I want to help. All my life growing up I've hated the bullshit that clogs up our radio waves, this finally gives me a chance to fix it and its about fucking time if you ask me. Long the fuck overdue, these are our airwaves, take them the fuck back.
Posted by watchout5 http://www.overclockeddrama.com on February 7, 2013 at 4:03 PM
Joe Szilagyi 7
You can run your stuff concurrently on the Internet. Having local radio just means extra ad revenue.

I'm imagining a small surge in local talk and political type content. A local Pacifica type radio for each city? Sent to the Internet at the same time for broader reach?

If Station A in downtown sets up, what's to stop station B in Ballard, Station C in West Seattle, Station D in Queen Anne, Station E in the UW, and Stations in other nearby areas all just carrying the same content with local targeted advertising?

This could get very, very interesting.
Posted by Joe Szilagyi http://twitter.com/joeszi on February 7, 2013 at 3:10 PM
Will in Seattle 6
For $1000 you can get a Microsoft Surface Pro. It's not that expensive, @5.

Did you know you can buy a car in the EU that costs about $2500, and gets 60 mpg?
Posted by Will in Seattle http://www.facebook.com/WillSeattle on February 7, 2013 at 2:56 PM
Matt the Engineer 5
Looks like a 100W FM kit is around $1,000, plus another hundred for an antenna. Double that if you want something already set up and ready to plug in.

But yeah, what @1 said.
Posted by Matt the Engineer on February 7, 2013 at 2:23 PM
Posted by Supreme Ruler Of The Universe http://www.you-read-it-here-first.com on February 7, 2013 at 2:18 PM
dangerousgift 3
It's like WART radio, from Pete and Pete! Just get a Krebstar 3000 transistor radio and beef up the frequency with a plate in mom's head!
Posted by dangerousgift on February 7, 2013 at 2:18 PM
Will in Seattle 2
@1 no, because not everyone gets free Internet3, as all research universities will, with 1000 Gbps streaming within 3 miles of campus nationwide.

Unless they adopt that, which would make us a First World nation, instead of Third Tier.
Posted by Will in Seattle http://www.facebook.com/WillSeattle on February 7, 2013 at 2:14 PM
Supreme Ruler Of The Universe 1

Because the Internet doesn't exist...?
Posted by Supreme Ruler Of The Universe http://www.you-read-it-here-first.com on February 7, 2013 at 1:57 PM

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