From the depths of Stephen Jay Gould's ever so wonderful Ever Since Darwin:

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French medical anatomist Etienne Serres really did argue that black males are primitive because the distance between navel and penis remains small throughout life, while white children begin with small separation but increase it during growth—rising belly button as a mark of progress.
When it comes to racism, almost nothing can compete with the human imagination. Even hardcore scientific objectivity can fail to overwhelm this power, this mental energy, this bending and breaking of facts.